Research interests range from the comprehensive evaluation of malaria treatment policy changes in southern Africa, to improving anti-malarial dosing regimens for vulnerable populations including young children, pregnant women and those with prevalent co-morbidities, including malnutrition and HIV and more recently leading Phase 1 clinical trials on novel antimalarial compounds. Research interests: HIV cohort and infectious disease epidemiology; operations research on service responses for priority health conditions; data harmonisation and linkage; and context-appropriate health information systems development.
David is a public health specialist with many years operational experience in primary care and infectious disease service delivery. He holds an honorary faculty position at UCL. Research interests: understanding how the malaria parasite deals with the large influx of haem associated with ingestion and degradation of haemoglobin in its digestive vacuole and the effects of antimalarials such as chloroquine, which inhibit this process.
Speciation and behaviour of free Fe III haem in aqueous solution. Interaction of Fe III haem with antimalarials and effects on haem in cultured parasites. His main research interests are in the therapeutic aspects of HIV-associated tuberculosis and drug-resistant tuberculosis, antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited settings, and the pharmacokinetics of antiretroviral and anti-tuberculosis drugs.
She participates in research projects across Africa, as well as in Asia and South America where a key interest is the support and mentoring of investigator-initiated pharmacology research projects.
Computational scientist with expertise in the development of Parallel and Hybrid model computer codes for application to chemical, life and biomedical sciences.
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The minimum threshold 0 enables RTS for all packets, which is probably excessive for most situations. Try disabling the wireless card's power saving features specify off instead of on. On some laptop models with hardware rfkill switches e. There is no software solution to this, unless your switch is electrical and the BIOS offers the option to disable the switch.
Another cause for frequent disconnects or a complete failure to connect may also be a sub-standard router, incomplete settings of the router, or interference by other wireless devices. For example:. On some wireless network adapters e.
If you are using a device with iwlwifi and iwlmvm for wireless connectivity, and your Wi-Fi card appears to disappear when on battery power perhaps after a reboot or resuming from suspend , this can be fixed by configuring power saving settings in iwlmvm.
This fix was discovered at [4]. If your device undergoes long periods of inactivity e. Try disabling power saving for the interface:. You can create a udev rule to do this on boot, see Power management Network interfaces. If the computer's Wi-Fi channels do not match those of the user's country, some in-range Wi-Fi networks might be invisible, because they use wireless channels that are not allowed by default.
The solution is to configure the regulatory domain correctly, see Respecting the regulatory domain. This section covers methods and procedures for installing kernel modules and firmware for specific chipsets, that differ from generic method.
See Kernel modules for general information on operations with modules. Unified driver for Ralink chipsets it replaces rt , rt61 , rt73 , etc. This driver has been in the Linux kernel since 2. A list of devices supported by the modules is available at the project's homepage. For devices which are using the rt chipset it should be possible to use rtpci driver, however, is not working with this chipset very well e. The rt chipset is recognised by the kernel rtpci module. However, some users experience problems and reverting to a patched Ralink driver seems to be beneficial in these cases.
New chipset as of It may require proprietary drivers from Ralink. Different manufacturers use it, see the Belkin N DB wireless usb adapter forums thread. New chipset as of , released under their new commercial name Mediatek. It is an AC or AC chipset. Manufacturer provides drivers for Linux on their support page. As of kernel 5. See [6] for a list of Realtek chipsets and specifications.
The driver is now in the kernel, but many users have reported being unable to make a connection although scanning for networks does work. The rtlae and rtlbe modules are included in the mainline Linux kernel. Some users may encounter errors with powersave on this card. This is shown with occasional disconnects that are not recognized by high level network managers netctl , NetworkManager.
See Kernel module Setting module options. If you have poor signal, perhaps your device has only one physical antenna connected, and antenna autoselection is broken. Several packages provide various kernel drivers, these require DKMS the dkms package and the kernel headers installed :. This requires DKMS , so make sure you have your proper kernel headers installed. Try e. See Kernel module Setting module options for details. Issues with the rtl8xxxu mainline kernel module may be solved by compiling a third-party module for the specific chipset.
The source code can be found in GitHub repositories. Some drivers may be already prepared in the AUR, e. The MadWifi team currently maintains three different drivers for devices with Atheros chipset:.
There are some other drivers for some Atheros devices. See Linux Wireless documentation for details. See Kernel modules Setting module options for details. Some laptops may have problems with their wireless LED indicator flickering red and blue. To solve this problem, do:. For alternatives, see this bug report. As of Linux 3. In the unlikely event that you have stability issues that trouble you, you could try using the backports-patched AUR package.
An ath9k mailing list exists for support and development related discussions. Although Linux Wireless says that dynamic power saving is enabled for Atheros ath9k single-chips newer than AR, for some devices e. AR powertop might still report that power saving is disabled. In this case enable it manually. These modules are fully supported in the kernel, but they require additional firmware. Depending on which of the chipsets you have, install either ipwfw or ipwfw.
Then reload the appropriate module. The firmware is included in the linux-firmware package. See Kernel modules for details. If you have problems connecting to networks in general, random failures with your card on bootup or your link quality is very poor, try to disable If the failures persist during bootup and you are using Nouveau driver, try enabling early KMS to prevent the conflict [11].
See the full list of supported devices. The linux-firmware-iwlwifi-git AUR may contain some updates sooner. If you have problems connecting to networks in general or your link quality is very poor, try to disable If you have a problem with slow uplink speed in Do not be confused with the option name, when the value is set to 8 it does not disable anything but re-enables transmission antenna aggregation.
In case this does not work for you, you may try disabling power saving for your wireless adapter. Some have never gotten this to work. Others found salvation by disabling N in their router settings after trying everything. This is known to have be the only solution on more than one occasion. The second link there mentions a 5ghz option that might be worth exploring. If you have an
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